An Economic Analytical Study on the Constraints of Agricultural Development in Libya and use of Self-Sufficiency Rates of Wheat and Barley as a Model during the Period 2000–2020

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the obstacles hindering agricultural development in Libya during the period 2000–2020, considering political, economic, environmental, and social challenges. The findings revealed a significant decline in the agricultural sector's contribution to the GDP, dropping from about 6.5% in 2000 to around 2.9% in 2020. Cultivated areas decreased, and the agricultural workforce shrank by more than 30%. Linear regression and exponential growth models were employed to analyze data related to agricultural production, cultivated areas, and labor force, as well as to measure the self-sufficiency rates of wheat and barley. The study concluded that weak agricultural policies, deteriorating infrastructure, water scarcity, desertification, and political instability were the main obstacles to sector development. The research recommended reforming agricultural policies, improving resource management, adopting smart and sustainable agriculture, supporting scientific research, and providing farmers with training programs, in addition to enhancing investments in modern technologies and hydroponics to achieve food security and reduce dependency on imports.