Psychosocial Factors and Worker Safety in Libya’s Post-Revolution Oil Sector

Abstract

Libya's oil sector, representing 95% of national export revenues, faces critical challenges in maintaining worker safety amid political instability and infrastructure deterioration. This research examines psychosocial factors affecting worker safety in Libya's oil industry through comprehensive literature analysis, case studies, and international comparisons using the Job Demands-Resources theoretical framework. The study identifies key psychosocial risk factors including excessive workload, role ambiguity, social isolation, and inadequate organizational support. Libyan oil workers encounter unique challenges combining industry-specific hazards with country-specific issues: deteriorating infrastructure, political uncertainty, and limited mental health services access. The Ras Lanuf Company (RASCO) case study reveals alarming occupational illness rates with 442 episodes among 251 workers annually, highlighting urgent intervention needs. Comparative analysis with international standards shows significant gaps in psychosocial risk management, with Libyan workers experiencing higher stress, anxiety, and depression levels than counterparts in developed nations. Findings demonstrate that psychosocial factors significantly impact worker safety through reduced cognitive performance, impaired decision-making, and increased risk-taking behavior. The research recommends immediate implementation of psychosocial risk assessment protocols, employee assistance programs, and culturally appropriate mental health interventions. Long-term solutions include strengthening national occupational health policies, fostering international cooperation, and infrastructure modernization. This research contributes valuable insights for occupational health in post-conflict environments and provides evidence-based recommendations for improving worker safety in Libya's critical oil sector.